Hi Sharon
I think that I have already picked up three instances in this thread where
the word 'frass' (insect faeces) has been used to describe woody debris. It
could inadvertently slip into common mis-usage.
Mike
-----Original Message-----
From: Sharon Hosegood [mailto:sharon.m.hosegood1@xxxxxxxxxxxx.com]
Sent: 12 December 2008 20:50
To: UK Tree Care
Subject: RE: Throw away your resistographs
Hello Rupert
didn't want you to wait too long!
Being a nerd, I remembered an article in Arb Journal Volume 28 pate 165 by
Kersten and Schwarze. They compared a IML Resistograph with an increment
borer on London Plane and Ash. This experiment found that the presence of
Inonotus hispidus was greater in the tree wounded by the resistograph than
the borer. This does not mean that one is less harmful than the other as
this data relates to previously infected trees. The increment borer dries out
the hole, whilst the increment borer retains frass in the hole, thus
providing better conditions for the outgrowth of fungus from preexisting
decay columns. Don't jump to hasty conclusions, merely reminding you that it
is a comprehensive paper.
Still used it the other day.
Head above parapet waiting for it to be chopped off
have a good weekend
Sharon Hosegood
--- On Fri, 12/12/08, Rupert Brasier <Rupert@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.co.uk> wrote:
From: Rupert Brasier <Rupert@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.co.uk>
Subject: RE: Throw away your resistographs
To: "UK Tree Care" <uktc@xxxxxx.tree-care.info>
Date: Friday, 12 December, 2008, 1:26 PM
Hi,
The larger the opening, the more it dries out making it less inviting to a
pathogen. The smaller hole, full of frass, as with a microdrill, remains a
moist dark environment that is more inviting. This tied in with your comment
about the tree not being able to identify that it's under attack due to a
lack of oxygen could be an interesting mix.
Head above the parapet. Waiting.
Rupert
Devon Tree Services Ltd
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Ipplepen
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-----Original Message-----
From: Jim Quaife [mailto:jq@xxxxxxxxxxxxxxxxx.co.uk]
Sent: 12 December 2008 13:10
To: UK Tree Care
Subject: RE: Throw away your resistographs
Francis Schwarze mentioned a few years ago that when he started to examine
the effects of drilling on trees, he discovered that microdrill holes filled
with frass don't have sufficient oxygen content for the tree to register it
as a wound. He showed slides of cross-sections showing the extensive spread
of fungal infection. The Pressler borer made a large enough hole for the
tree to react to the wound and compartmentalise it. The slides showed the
infection spread to be very significantly less!
We have a Resistograph but use it very sparingly and usually to confirm our
worst fears.
Where we discover that there is nothing much to worry about, yes we probably
have breached a CODIT barrier, but if the tree is vigorous there is no reason
to suppose that it won't cope, or at any rate won't cause lasting harm.
We have a P borer as well and use that even less, although very useful for
evidence as the wood is actually there for examination.
This is all a very grey area and one has to balance the claims of the
manufacturers of the various gadgets with one's own judgement.
Somewhere in the small print they all say (or allude to) the fact that decay
detection contraptions should only be used to confirm VTA.
Jim
-----Original Message-----
From: Sean Davies [mailto:sdavies@xxxxxxxxxx.gov.uk]
Sent: 12 December 2008 12:24
To: UK Tree Care
Subject: RE: Throw away your resistographs
Back in the old days my boss used to use a large 1, inch drill bit to check
for decay, Swiss cheesed a few trees, moving on from that I still now a few
who take core samples leaving a 5mm hole so a 1mm hole on a tree which is
already though to have decay and be in an unsound condition don't seem that
bad, but still would could always look at pounding in a load of nail and then
testing. Any testing beyond visual causes damage, the exercise is in
minimising it and only using when absolutely necessary.
-----Original Message-----
From: Durkan, Paul [mailto:Paul.Durkan@xxxxxxxxxxxx.gov.uk]
Sent: 12 December 2008 12:06
To: UK Tree Care
Subject: Throw away your resistographs
Extract from a tree report:
"0 - 10cm:- sound wood, with increasing resistance;
10cm: greatly increased resistance;
10 - 40cm: decayed wood, with low resistance"
Yes, at 10cm you drilled through wall 4 of the CODIT model, the chemically
and structurally altered (chemically resistant and strengthened) wood, that
was restricting the fungus to the "heartwood." Now the fungus might escape
into the sound and biologically active wood laid down in the years after
injury, possibly even be transported around the tree by the vascular system.
Suppose this was a TPO tree, in reasonable health and dealing with the
decay, might this constitute "wilfull damage"?
The German mycologist chappie speaking at last year's TEP seminar (November
07), was adamant that we must strive to not damage intact parts of trees with
such probes; that we must use other methods to assess decay.
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